November, 2018:

St. George, Ontario – Book 1 in Colour Photos – My Top 12 Picks

St. George, Ontario – Book 1 in Colour Photos – My Top 12 Picks

The County of Brant is located at the mid-point of the Grand River as it flows south from Luther Marsh to Lake Erie. In Brant, the river flows through an area of rich farmland and Carolinian forest. The river was used for water power and transportation. European settlers first arrived in Burford Township in 1793 and began to settle in the rest of the County soon after.

In 1852 the City of Brantford, the Village of Paris, and the Townships of Brantford, Oakland, Onondaga, South Dumfries, and Burford became Brant County.

Two hundred years ago, Obed Wilson ventured forth seeking an area in Upper Canada in which to settle. He discovered a place with fertile land, sparkling water and natural beauty which enticed him to stay and build a log cabin. Eventually the vision grew into the Village of St. George.

St. George, located to the north of the City of Brantford, is in the Township of South Dumfries. It was founded in 1814. John and Peter Bauslaugh were early settlers in St. George, and the early name of the village was “Bauslaugh Mills” in honor of John Bauslaugh who owned a sawmill near Highway 99. Main Street began to develop in the 1820s when Henry Moe began selling fish and dry goods from the first log building. By 1832, the village had three churches and several businesses. Today Main Street continues to thrive with many of the original buildings from the 1800s attracting people to the antique shops, cafes and restaurants.

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

6 Thompson Street – Two Roses Bed & Breakfast – Italianate – bay window with balcony, corner quoins

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

21 West Street – Gothic Revival – iron cresting above bay window

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

Beverly Street West – Gothic – dichromatic brickwork, corner quoins, voussoirs

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

69 Beverly Street West – 2nd floor balcony

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

39 Beverly Street West – St. George School – 1893 – It remained in use as a school until another one was built behind it in 1973. Today, a nursery school and day care center operate here.

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

41 Main Street South – Snowball Grist Mill – 1871 – William Snowball began construction of this cut and dressed stone flour mill in 1869. In the summer of 1885, steam power was added and alterations were made 6that enabled the mill to turn out two hundred barrels of flour per day. It operated as St. George Feed & Seed Mill from 1967 to 1993.

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

23 Main Street South

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

34-36 Main Street South – Howell Block – 1891 – Alternating quoins on the corners of the building and ornamental arches with center keystones over the windows are of contrasting color. Since 1924, the stone building has housed the post office, library and space for community groups. Now it is the home of the South Dumfries Historical Society.

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

13 Main Street South – Sunnyside – c. 1888 – was constructed by Dr. E.E. Kitchen. It was the heartbeat of Main Street. It was the home of the inaugural meeting of the St. George Women’s Institute, January 13, 1903. This Romanesque Revival mansion was built as a residence and doctor’s office. On the third floor there was a ballroom.

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

High Street – Italianate – two-storey frontispiece, corner quoins, cornice brackets, voussoirs

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

18 Beverly Street East – Italianate – paired cornice brackets, dentil molding, corner quoins, dichromatic brickwork

Architectural Photos, St. George, Ontario

19 Beverly Street East – Gothic – paired cornice brackets, corner quoins, bay window

Paris, Ontario – Book 3 in Colour Photos – My Top 13 Picks

Paris, Ontario – Book 3 in Colour Photos – My Top 13 Picks

Paris, Ontario is located on the Grand River. It was first settled by Hiram Capron a native of Vermont who, in 1822, emigrated to Norfolk County where he helped to establish one of Upper Canada’s earliest iron foundries. He settled here at the Forks of the Grand (where the Grand and Nith Rivers meet) in 1829, divided part of his land into town lots, and in 1830 constructed a grist-mill and named the town after the gypsum deposits that were mined nearby. Gypsum is used to make plaster of Paris.

Records from 1846 indicate that the settlement, in a hilly area called Oak Plains, was divided into the upper town and the lower town. In addition to successful farmers in the area, the community of 1,000 people (Americans, Scottish, English, and Irish) was thriving. Manufacturing had already begun, with industries powered by the river. A great deal of plaster was being exported and there were three mills, a tannery, a woolen factory, a foundry, and many tradesmen. Five churches had been built; and the post office was receiving mail three times a week.

While the telephone was invented at Brantford, Ontario in 1874, Alexander Graham Bell made the first transmission to a distance between Brantford and Paris on August 3, 1876.

The use of cobblestones to construct buildings was introduced to the area by Levi Boughton when he erected St. James Church in 1839; this was the first cobblestone structure in Paris. Two churches and ten homes, all in current use, are made of numerous such stones taken from the rivers. Other architectural styles that are visible in the downtown area include Edwardian, Gothic and Post Modern.

The Township of South Dumfries is situated in the north part of the County of Brant. The earliest settlements were in and around the Village of St. George. Two vital factors of the area which caused settlers to locate here were flowing wells and excellent farm land.

The first establishments in the township were a grist mill in 1817, a distillery in 1818, a grocery store in 1820, a log school in 1823, and a post office in 1833. The first church was opened as a Baptist Church in 1824. The Village of Harrisburg was laid out in 1855 at the junction of the Wellington, Grey &* Bruce and Great Western railways. Glen Morris was laid out in 1q848 on the banks of the Grand River twelve miles from Brantford.

Harrisburg

In the mid-1800s, Harrisburg was a stop on the Great Western Railway serving as a shipping point for St. George and area. About 1854, a branch line twelve miles long from Harrisburg to Galt opened and Harrisburg got its first train station. In 1882, the Great Western Railway was absorbed by the Grand Trunk Railway.

Glen Morris

The village of Glen Morris is on both sides of the Grand River with most of the historical buildings on the east side along East River Road. Glen Morris was first known as Dawson’s Bridge as it was John Dawson who built a sawmill and bridge in 1833 across the Grand River. In 1840, the settlement was renamed Middleton. Samuel Latshaw laid out the village in 1848 and in 1851 it was named Glen Morris in honor of their Postmaster.

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

Baird Street – Gothic style with verge board trim on chipped gables, cobblestone pillars supporting verandah

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

87 Willow Street – Second Empire style – mansard roof, tall windows, dormers

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

51 St. Andrew Street – Regency Cottage

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

33 Oak Avenue – 1854 – built by David Patton and his wife Matilda (Killips) Patton – 1½-storey Gothic Revival style of cobblestone and field stone construction. The main façade fable is decorated with gingerbread and has a set of Gothic windows. Three walls are cobblestone and the rear of the house is of cut stone

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

963 Keg Lane Road – The Deans family of 6 first lived in a single-storey log cabin on the corner of the property. After 7 more children arrived, construction began on this house. In 1862 construction was completed with cobblestone walls on three sides. The trellised stone verandah closely matches the original one; all the shutters are original

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

207 West River Road – George Brown residence – Construction began in 1854 and was completed in 1862 – it took years to accumulate all the matching cobblestones. It is reflective of the traditional Ontario Cottage style in the Revival tradition.

Architectural Photos, Harrisburg, Ontario

100 German School Road, Harrisburg – Gothic Revival, cornice brackets, bay window, corner quoins

Architectural Photos, Harrisburg, Ontario

96 German School Road, Brant County 33, Harrisburg – hipped roof, dormers, bay window

Architectural Photos, Glen Morris, Ontario

448 McPherson School Road, Glen Morris – Samuel Latshaw residence – 1860 – The walls are made of rubble stone with cut stone around the windows.

Architectural Photos, Glen Morris, Ontario

289 Pinehurst Road – This fieldstone house of Provincial Scottish Victorian architecture was built in 1860 for one of the early settlers in this area, John Maus. The stone for this farmer’s residence and carriage house came from local fields.

Architectural Photos, Glen Morris, Ontario

705 Paris Plains Church Road – Church – 1845 – Gothic Revival – cobblestone construction; lancet windows, cornice return on gable

Architectural Photos, Glen Morris, Ontario

716 Watts Pond Road, Glen Morris – Italianate, paired cornice brackets, half-round windows, sidelights and transom windows

Architectural Photos, Glen Morris, Ontario

2½-storey – Italianate – stone, bay windows, cornice brackets

Paris, Ontario – Book 2 in Colour Photos – My Top 13 Picks

Paris, Ontario – Book 2 in Colour Photos – My Top 13 Picks

Paris, Ontario is located on the Grand River.  It was first settled by Hiram Capron a native of Vermont who, in 1822, emigrated to Norfolk County where he helped to establish one of Upper Canada’s earliest iron foundries.  He settled here at the Forks of the Grand (where the Grand and Nith Rivers meet) in 1829, divided part of his land into town lots, and in 1830 constructed a grist-mill and named the town after the gypsum deposits that were mined nearby. Gypsum is used to make plaster of Paris.

The use of cobblestones to construct buildings was introduced to the area by Levi Boughton when he erected St. James Church in 1839; this was the first cobblestone structure in Paris. Two churches and ten homes, all in current use, are made of numerous such stones taken from the rivers. Other architectural styles that are visible in the downtown area include Edwardian, Gothic and Post Modern.

Dominion Day 1879 began at six a.m. with the ringing of all the town bells. Sports and games were played throughout the day – lacrosse, cricket, boat races, jumping contests, and foot races with prizes for the winners. In the evening there were bonfires and fireworks.

Since its earliest days, Paris was the site of gypsum beds. When ground to a powder in a mill, gypsum, or Plaster of Paris, could be used as a fertilizer, to coat the interior walls of a home, or for casts to set broken bones.

Jim Percival created scale models of the thirteen cobblestone buildings in Paris.

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

42 Broadway Street East – Gouinlock House – is a one-storey, rubble-stone, building constructed in 1845. The Gouinlock House is associated with John Penman, one of Paris’s leading early industrialists and the co-founder of the Penman Manufacturing Company Limited. Penman rented this home, in the mid-1880s, while his permanent residence, Penmarvian, was under renovation. The Gouinlock House is thought to be the only solid rubble-stone building in Paris. This home features local materials and skilled craftsmanship. The exterior of the home was parging and etched to resemble cut stone blocks or coursed ashlar. The more notable features of this home include the large windows, the chimneys, the etched glass doors and the woodwork. Though both the enclosed verandah and a rear portion of the home were additions, the use of rubble-stone and the sympathetic design maintained the integrity of the home.

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

165 Grand River Street North was built by Levi Boughton for Norman and Elizabeth Hamilton, Americans who arrived in Paris about 1831. Norman was a wealthy local industrialist, miller and brewer. This three-storey cobblestone building is designed in the Greek Revival style c. 1839-1844 – it appears to be 1½-storeys in height – the second storey windows are set in light-wells in the verandah roof and are concealed from view by the deep architrave of the verandah. The pillars are square. The triple hung windows on the front façade can be opened so that you can walk out onto the verandah. A lower basement walk-out floor exits to the rear yard. The Hamilton’s son-in-law, Paul Wickson, used the belvedere as his art studio; he specialized in painting animals and rural scenes. An addition was added in 1861 to accommodate visiting family members.

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

165 Grand River Street North – scale model

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

185 Grand River Street North – Penmarvian Retirement Home was built in 1845 by the founder of Paris, Hiram Capron, as a modest two storey building. In 1887 local industrialist John Penman purchased the home and added the Victorian turrets, towers and arches.

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

184 Grand River Street North – built in 1886 in the Italianate style for Captain Cox who was Postmaster of Paris – square tower with half-round windows, iron cresting on roof top; dichromatic brickwork – now the William Kipp Funeral Home

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontarioario

199 Grand River Street North – red brick – Edwardian style

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

William Street – Italianate style – dichromatic brickwork, banding, two-storey bay windows, hipped roof

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

140 West River Street – 1874 – This was the first of two large textile mills built by Paris industrialist John Penman. Dependent on waterpower in the beginning, a generating plant still stands behind the mill buildings on the bank of the Nith River.

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

55 Banfield Street – hipped roof, corner quoins

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

18 Banfield Street – Edwardian style – Palladian window, turret extending through the roof

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

33 Banfield Street – Italianate with two-storey frontispiece topped by a gable with decorative verge boards and finial

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

1 Banfield Street – built about 1868 by miller Charles Whitlaw – Gothic Revival – verge board trim on gables, compound chimneys

Architectural Photos, Paris, Ontario

36 Jane Street – Italianate – hipped roof, cornice brackets, wraparound verandah, bay window

Paris, Ontario – Book 1 in Colour Photos – My Top 13 Picks

Paris, Ontario – Book 1 in Colour Photos – My Top 13 Picks

Paris, Ontario is located on the Grand River. It was first settled by Hiram Capron a native of Vermont who, in 1822, emigrated to Norfolk County where he helped to establish one of Upper Canada’s earliest iron foundries. He settled here at the Forks of the Grand (where the Grand and Nith Rivers meet) in 1829, divided part of his land into town lots, and in 1830 constructed a grist-mill and named the town after the gypsum deposits that were mined nearby. Gypsum is used to make plaster of Paris. The town of Paris is often referred to as the “cobblestone capital of Canada” because of the many cobblestone buildings that are still standing.

Paris is home to thirteen cobblestone buildings. Mason Levi Boughton inspired Paris’ cobblestone technique in the mid to late 1800s. It is estimated that over 14,000 cobblestones were required to build one traditional farmhouse. Each cobblestone is about the size of a sweet potato. Cobblestone architecture refers to the use of cobblestones embedded in mortar to erect walls of houses and commercial buildings.

Levi Boughton was born in Normandale, New York in 1805. He came to Brantford, Ontario in 1835 and in 1838 he moved to Paris. He brought the cobblestone craft to Paris. The cobbles are fist-sized rocks. Boys were paid ten cents a day to walk beside a sled pulled by oxen and throw cobbles turned up by ploughing into the sled. Mortar is laid in horizontal courses with cobbles framed with mortar joints. Cobblestone walls use lime mortar which is a mixture of lime and sand. Lime mortar sets slower, is more elastic and easier to work with than cement-based mortars. Because lime mortars are porous, relatively soft, and have low tensile strength, corners and wall openings in cobblestone structures are strengthened by rectangular blocks of stone called quoins. Window sills and lentils were also reinforced.

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

22 Church Street – Dr. Alfred Bosworth and his wife Sarah built their home in 1845. It is in the Queen Anne Regency style and has cobblestones on the front and south facades and cut fieldstones on the other two sides. In 1870, Reverend and Mrs. Thomas Henderson were living in the house. Originally from Scotland, Rev. Henderson wrote to his friends the Bell family and advised them to come to Canada for a healthier environment for their son Alexander Graham Bell.

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

31 Church Street

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

40 Dumfries Street – pre 1841 – Hugh Finlayson was the first mayor of Paris and also the first speaker of the Provincial parliament. He lived in this Georgian red brick house with Neo-Classical features.

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

17 Dumfries Street – Italianate with two-storey tower-like bay – Beautiful century home within walking distance to downtown

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

57 Main Street – stone Regency Cottage, dormer in attic

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

19 Queen Street – Levi Boughton’s house is an Ontario cottage is simple and elegant. It looks small but it has twelve foot ceilings. The exterior has cobblestone walls on three sides. The cobblestones are small and evenly matched in size and color. The Boughtons had sixteen children and three of them became masons and plasterers. Under the low pitched roof is nested the plastered and painted attic with a height of less than five feet at the peak – sleeping quarters for the children.

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

3 Arnold Street – Ouse Lodge (named after Ouse River – now Grand River) – early 1840s – Italianate cobblestone, two-storey bay window, second floor balcony, corner quoins – built by Levi Boughton as the Anglican Rectory for Rev. William Morse. Morse was also a musician and the house had a pipe organ.

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

14 Grand River Street South – yellow brick, voussoirs and keystones, two-storey bay window, cornice brackets

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

52 Grand River Street South – Greek Revival style – house of Asa Wolverton (sawmill owner), 1851 – wood frame construction covered in plaster of Paris

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

106 Grand River Street North – The Arlington Hotel – c. 1850s, 1888 – 4-storey stucco and yellow brick reminiscent of the Chateau style, Romanesque style arcades supported by red-brown marble columns at the street level, octagonal tower, arched and rectangular windows

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

16 Broadway Street West – cobblestone masonry in the Greek Revival style was built in 1845. Cast iron grills cover “stomacher” windows beneath the eaves. A well-matched addition in 1885 housed a doctor’s office. Smooth stones lintels and sills; the cobblestones are tilted; Greek symbols on the portico; dormers in attic; iron cresting on roof.

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

30 Broadway Street West – Italianate, cornice brackets, corner quoins, two-storey bay window

Architectural Photos, Paris Ontario

36 Broadway Street West – Italianate, paired cornice brackets, iron cresting on second floor balcony, two-storey bay window